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Lantern Festival

(Chinese folklore)

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Lantern Festival is a festival of Chinese folk customs, originated in the Han Dynasty. The lunar January is the first lunar month, the ancients called the night "night", so that the first lunar January 15 for the Lantern Festival. The first lunar January 15 is the first full moon night of the year. It is also the beginning of the first yuan and the night of the earth's rejuvenation. People celebrate this and also celebrate the continuation of the new year. Lantern Festival, also known as " Spring Festival ."

Chinese name: Lantern Festival
English name: Happiness of the Lantern Festival [1]

Category: Holiday culture
Area: Chinese and other parts of the world gathered around the world

Origin of history

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Lantern Festival

On the 15th day of the first lunar month every year, just after the Spring Festival, the traditional festival of China, the Lantern Festival, is ushered in. The lunar January is the first lunar month, the ancients called the night "night", so that the first lunar January 15 for the Lantern Festival. The first lunar January 15 is the first full moon night of the year. It is also the beginning of the first yuan and the night of the earth's rejuvenation. People celebrate this and also celebrate the continuation of the new year. Lantern Festival, also known as "Spring Festival."

According to the traditions of Chinese folk, in the night when the sky is hanged, people should mark the number of lanterns to show their congratulation. Going out on the moon, burning lights Fang Yan, hi riddles like riddles, eating Lantern Festival, family reunion, celebrating the festival, enjoyable.

The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival. As early as 2000 years ago, the Western Han Dynasty had it. In the time of the Han emperor, he ordered the first lunar January 15 as the Lantern Festival. Han Emperor Wu, "too Yishen" sacrificial activities scheduled for January 15. (Too: dominate the God of the universe). Sima Qian to create "too early" when the Lantern Festival has been identified as a major festival.

Another saying is that the practice of lantern burning lamp originated in Taoism "Sanyuan said"; the first lunar January 15th for the first year, July 15 for the Chinese yuan festival, October 15 for the next year. Supervisor, middle and lower ternary respectively, heaven, earth, people, officials, joy days, so the festival should be light lamp.

Lantern Festival Feast and Festival activities, with the development of history to extend and expand. As for the length of the festival, the Han Dynasty was only one day, three days in the Tang Dynasty, five days in the Song Dynasty, and even the first eight lights in the Ming Dynasty. It lasted for ten days until the night of the first lunar month. Connected with the Spring Festival, the day for the city, crowded, night lights, spectacular. In particular, that delicate, colorful lights, but also make it become the climax of entertainment during the Spring Festival. To the Qing Dynasty, but also added a dragon, lion dance, running a dry boat, stilts, Yangko and other "opera" content, but shortened to four to five days festival.

Folk activities

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The Lantern Festival is a traditional festival in China. Therefore, the customs of most areas are similar in all parts of the country, but there are still some characteristics in other places. There are also some little-known non-governmental activities that have been lost in the first lunar month for the Lantern Festival. Here are a few examples. With the passage of time, there are more and more activities in the Lantern Festival. In many local festivals, traditional folk performances such as playing dragon dance, playing lions, stilts, kayak dancing yangko, playing Taiping Drum are added.This traditional festival, which has a history of more than 2000 years, is not only popular in both sides of the Taiwan Strait, but also in Overseas Chinese Street.

Dance dragon light

Hubei Xiaogan Yang Dianzhen hundred dragon downtown Lantern Festival (78 photos)

Hubei Xiaogan Yang Dianzhen is "the hometown of dragon lamps." Yangdian dragon lamp , Xiaogan called " Yang shop tall dragon ", is Xiaogan second batch and the third batch of non-material cultural heritage in Hubei Province.

Every year from the twelfth lunar month, bamboo strips are used to start the dragon, the dragon, the tail and the dragon embroidery. The dragon and dragon tail are connected with the colored paper, and the dragon head and the dragon tail are combined together to form a complete dragon light. The dragon dragon has 12 Festival (dragon body is connected by ten bamboo lamps, plus faucets and dragon tail is 12 knots), said that there are 12 months a year. On the 12th lunar January , a ceremony was held to open the dragon lantern. On the 13th lunar January 13th , the temple and cheers were held. Each dragon and lamp went through the narrow streets of Yangdian to carry out activities. Lunar January 14 worship lights, each dragon lamp in their respective bay worship the masses, said the New Year greetings, on behalf of auspicious; the first lunar January 15 travel lights, Chan Lan; onlookers follow the dragon lanterns, respectively, to swim to their Bay, 12 o'clock The whole Bay men and women gathered in the battle together focussed together to burn the dragon lamp, called the Chan light, send dragon light ascended the sky, accompanied by gongs and drums, firecrackers.

Yangdian high dragon 's composition: multi-use bamboo, wood, cloth, colored paper into a tie, dragons generally yellow, green, white, red and black colored legendary gold, wood, water, fire, earth five elements. Dragon light body burning candles, dancers in accordance with the order, and appropriate to shorten the distance between the sections, hands and feet to live, from first to last "Dragon Ball" or so swing, like a dragon wandering forward, its massive, scene Spectacular. Its cultural connotation is very rich, dragons holes, three nos., Thanks to the Quartet, as well as drilling holes, on the turn, Long Ying water, slow dance grace, graceful lyricism; fast dance when passionate, unique, with Rich local features, music used in the Qu song festive, with a strong artistic appeal. [2]

Lantern Lantern Festival

According to the historical records, as early as the beginning of the Southern Dynasties, the Lantern Festival Lantern Festival was held in thecapital city of Nanjing . It was the earliest recorded lantern festival in China. In order to pray for good weather, the happy family and the world peace and prosperity of the scene, began from the Palace of Forbidden, religious sites to the public, "the scene lit up the fireworks" is quite spectacular. In response, Liang Jianwen Di Xiao Gang, Chen Houzhu and so on have used vivid poetry, depicting the southern use of lanterns to add festive atmosphere of the social fashion.

Eastern Jin Dynasty , Southern Dynasties Nanjing as the capital of China at that time, the Qinhuai River lived a lot of nobles and wealthy celebrities, each to the Lantern Festival, they also follow the palace, decorated. Eastern Jin Dynasty poet Xi Shushi teeth poem "Poetry Lantern" describes the situation at that time Zhangdeng. During the reign of the Southern Song Dynasty Emperor Xiaogong, the rapid development of paper technology and its low cost replaced a large number of applications of silk fabrics, resulting in the rapid development of light color art.

Sui Dynasty emperor Luoyang City Palace main door end of the cloth lamp custom, the door light is very popular, Ambilight. The door is the main entrance of Sunshine Tang Dynasty Imperial City. The history of the famous Lantern Festival door lights both occurred in the Sui and Tang Dynasties city of Luoyang door. The door light is the initiator of Emperor Sui Yang.

" Zi Zhi Tong Jian " contains: The great cause of six years (610 years Lantern Festival, Emperor emperor "at the end of the street Sheng Chen 100 plays , five thousand steps around the theater, executive wire eight thousand eight hundred people, allegations of dozens of miles, Since the fainting to Dan, light candle world, the end of the month strike, the cost of giant million, since the age is not uncommon. Since then, the door-end lights are world famous, even foreign messengers have come to watch.

After the Tang Wu Dynasty tasted the " lunar January fifteen night " poem: "Fire Tree silver flower together, Xingqiao iron locks open .Dust dust go with the horse, the moon by one person .Yougou Jie Li, song make Limei. Phase reminder. "This poem is a vivid scene depicting the night of the Lantern Festival in the city of Luoyang. According to " Datang Xin Yu " and " Two New Kee " records, the Tang festival of the year Lantern Festival this evening, the city of Luoyang must put large lanterns; before and after three days, as usual, not martial law at night, watching the lamp is crowded.

Lantern Lantern Festival

Although the Tang Dynasty passed from prosperity to weakness, the annual Lantern Festival is still flourishing. The famous poet in the TangDynasty Lantern Festival poetry, then it is a vivid portrayal of Lantern Festival. The poem goes: "Luoyang day and night without carriages, hanging red gauze full of trees. See peace of light, Xuanzong latent with true travel." Visible Tokyo Luoyang Lantern Festival is "hanging red gauze full of trees." Tang Li Shangyin, when he heard that Changan held a grand Lantern Festival, they can not go to watch, very sorry, so write "on the night of night Beijing has lights can not wait for" poem: Tongqu. Lost in silence in prosperity, shameless villager 赛紫姑 .

Song Edwin first year (1034), used for worship Confucius, the Most Holy Confucian Temple (now the Nanjing Confucius Temple ) in Nanjingbuilt, Qinhuai River Range Rover has become the best carnivals, the Confucius Temple area and began to develop rapidly.

The Southern Song emperor also very supportive lantern festival. Two drums a year when the Lantern Festival, the emperor riding a car, led the palace people to Xuande door to watch Aoshan. Aoshan is a high-profile Ao-shaped platform lined up in the center of the city of Lampu, where hundreds of lanterns hang. The size of Aoshan has been clearly stated in " The Song Dynasty and the Legacy of the Song Dynasty ": "From the winter to the day , the Aoshan mountain lantern is built under a large scale, with a length of 16 inches and a width of 265 feet. There are two columns in the middle. " Outlaws of the Marsh ", Li Kui Tokyo background description, perhaps is drawn from these real-life plot.

After the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, capital of Nanjing, advocated the festival of light lanterns and extended the annual lantern festival in Nanjing to 10 nights, making it the longest festival of light in Chinese history. During this period, Qinhuai Lantern Festival reached the climax of development. Each year, the emperor spent a lot of manpower, material and financial resources to produce a considerable number of lanterns to attract the public to attend the grand Lantern Lantern Festival.

Ming Wu Hongwu five years (1372) Lantern Festival, but also ingenuity ordered the release of light lanterns in the Qinhuai River . Zhu Yuanzhang is also a production of riddles master, which promoted the Lantern Festival lantern content to a more colorful direction. Ming Dynasty Yongle seven years (1409) early, Ming Chengzu Zhu Di "thanks to the official ten yuan holiday on the 10th," and continue to bear the lights, and create a festive atmosphere. Three years later, he ordered outside the Forbidden City Meridian Gate in Nanjing to organize a lantern festival organized by craftsmen and painstaking efforts to create a "long live" lamp for Aoshan and to join hands with the people. So after every year. Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Nanjing has become the largest city in the world at that time. The scene of the " Nandu Fanhui Scene Map " and other images depict the lively scenes of fireworks and flamboyant Aoshan people watching the performances. In the late Ming Dynasty, "Zhengde Jiangning County," depicted by the Lantern Festival, even more bustling was dizzying.

The Ming Dynasty Beijing Lantern Festival has evolved into a pure market activity. The tenth day of the first month to the 16th of each year, merchants and craftsman will be gathered around Beijing, will produce their own lantern to get Dongan outside the winding North Main Street sale. In these few days, not only is the lantern making craft competition, but also the business strength competition. As Beijing's lamps and lanterns close to the shops and housing market, when the market lights up each year, the rent will double, which will cost you several times more than usual. If it is not a trader doing business, it will not be easy to care for it. In addition, the light of the style and technology is also a new variety of lamps with inlaid jewelery, but also from the neighboring countries or overseas sales of lights, attracting a steady stream of viewers. High prices of light, one is about to sell thousands of silver.

In the Qing Dynasty, the Manchus entered the Central Plains , and the court no longer held lanterns, but folk lanterns were still spectacular. Date shortened to five days, has been extended to the late Qing Dynasty.

Guess riddles

"Guess riddles" also known as "riddles" is an activity added after the Lantern Festival, appeared in the Song Dynasty. Southern Song Dynasty, the capital Lin'an every Lantern Festival fans, many people quiz. The beginning is a good thing to write riddles on the note, affixed to the colorful lights for people to guess. Because the riddle can inspire wisdom and interest, it is popular among all walks of life.

Chinese folk Lantern Festival Lantern Festival Lantern customs. Lantern made of glutinous rice, or solid, or with filling. Stuffing with bean paste, sugar, hawthorn, all kinds of fruit, etc., cooking boiled, fried, steamed, fried Jieke. At first, people called the food "floating balls", later called "gnocchi" or "glutinous rice balls". The names of "reunion" are similar in pronunciation and meaning of reunion, symbolizing that the whole family is happy and harmonious, This miss parting relatives, sustenance of the good wishes for the future life.

In some places, the Lantern Festival includes the practice of "getting rid of all kinds of illnesses", also known as "roasted diseases" and "scattered diseases". Most of the participants are women. They go hand in hand or walk along the wall, or cross the bridge, The purpose is to dispel disaster.

Eat the Lantern Festival

The lunar January 15 eat Lantern Festival, "Lantern" as a food in China is also a long time. In the Song Dynasty, the popular Chinese food was a novelty food that was eaten by the Lantern Festival. This food, the earliest called "floating element" after the "Lantern", the businessman also beautiful name "ingot." Lantern is the "dumpling" with white sugar, rose, sesame, red bean, Huang Gui, walnuts, nuts, dates and so on for the filling, with glutinous rice flour into a round, can be meat vegetarian, different flavors. Can soup, fried, steamed, happy reunion. Shaanxi dumpling is not a package, but in the glutinous rice flour "roll" into, or cook or fried, heat, get round and round.

Lantern Festival

Blessing

Lantern Festival activities in Putian, Fujian Province started from the sixth day of the first lunar month until the Lunar Lantern Festival held in the 29th January of the lunar January. Every day there are different villages and lanterns with different surnames. The programs are colorful and colorful, and the Spring Festival is over the Spring Festival.

Lantern Festival refers to the first full moon of the New Year's Eve - the first lunar January 15th lunar month, a major festival of Chinese folk tradition, also known as "Shangyuan Festival." Puxian everywhere around the palace, temples, clubs, altar, each according to the ancient community designated area and a fixed day, of which fourteen, fifteen, sixteen three days most lively, known as the "Lantern heart". There are "total Lantern Festival", "Night Lights" and other activities, the Department of the larger temple focused on large Lantern around the activities.

During the Lantern Festival, the village where the palace of the community decorated, put vegetarian, set "banquet table", stacked cake fruit, pick orange tower, the villagers carry the Buddha idol. Every household living room hall Xiangxiang case, burning incense, "tribute silver", firewood, pray for the coming year more prosperous. Is the night, travel lights, put brown bridge, jump fire, dragon dance lion, play the drama, sleepless nights. During the Lantern Festival, folk activities varied in form and embodied the unique cohesiveness and local flavor unique to Puxian culture. It was truly a "carnival" with rich Chinese characteristics.

Lantern Festival is the year of Fujian Putian folk festival heavy head festivals. Every year from the first lunar month on the sixth lunar month, "Carnivals" have been going on for more than 20 days in all parts of the country: the village community commutes to revolt around the Lantern Festival until the Lunar New Year's Eve Lantern Festival is held on the 29th January. Various activities around the Lantern Festival features: take the orange tower, sugar cane tower, cake tower, put the whole pig, whole sheep, whole chicken, duck, and paper-cut, makeup drive, , Dazzling Among them, "put brown sedan chair" is the most lively traditional activities in the Lantern Festival. Almost all over the Putian brown car performing customs. Brown car around the style and material are very different, the weight is also very different, a few heavy pounds, light only a few catties.Despite the large differences in form, the top of each brown car will be tied to the top with brown leaves, a symbol of different surnames and different villages in the divine symbol, and put a Buddha worship in this village, carried by the young man parade around the team, each A family will have to carry a brown sedan performance. There are also different from each other: there are jumping and pendulums, pendulums, pedestrians and winders, brown cars and semitrailers, fast running along the streets and lanes, twisted brown cars around the fire Continuous turn, as well as carrying the brown car jump over the fire. In the cheering cheer, lift the young sedan chair in front of the palace surrounded by piles of steaming turbo jump, chasing me to catch each other unconvincing. Raging fire, rolling smoke, performers struggling athletes, cheers cheer ... ...

Putian brown sedan performance to the largest number of Putian City Chengxiang District South Gate Community. At two o'clock on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, six clubs from the south gate departed from Shouguang Yisha and started to cross the border. South Gate Palm sedan pendulum distinctive method, carried by two young adults, brown sedan chair, kept moving in the running brown car. Along the way, 42 brown-sand car jump over a pile of flourishing, each to be a club for God performance. Around six clubs, the team returned to Shuguang Organization, six hay representing six clubs were lit. 6 brown sedans at the same time playing around the fire show on behalf of their own community to see who quickly turned fierce. In the sound of gongs and drums around the audience and the cheers of the audience shouting, the lad out of the body to keep running, ah, ah, the fire immediately add a small grass, people are replaced immediately tired, that is, can not let the brown car first stop. In this wave of overwhelming brown car contest who refused to admit defeat, until 100 hay burns also should be "the New Year fire want". After the event, the six bureaus and 12 bosses invited everyone to eat their blessing. Although the pendulum is a traditional folk customs, but because of its passionate, highly competitive, widely popular today, many of the boys to a certain age will participate. Colorful brown sedan car performance is also increasingly becoming the most distinctive festival in Putian. [3]

Valentine's Day

The Lantern Festival is also a romantic festival. Lantern Festival Lantern Festival also offers an opportunity for unmarried men and women to meet in the feudal traditional society. Young girls in traditional society are not allowed to go out for free, but they can spend time together to enjoy the festival. Lights just a chance of friendship, unmarried men and women by the way the flowers can also find their own objects. During the Lantern Festival Lantern Festival, it is also the time for young men and women to meet with their lover.

In Taiwan, there are unmarried women who steal onions or vegetables at the Lantern Festival night and will marry her husband's traditional customs, commonly known as "stealing spring onions, marrying her," "stealing vegetables and marrying her husband" and hope that the marriage will be beautiful Girl, Lantern Festival in the Lantern Festival night to the garden to steal onions or vegetables, look forward to the future family happiness, the Tang Dynasty lights also appear music and dance performances, tens of thousands of palace girls, folk girl singing and dancing in the lights, called the line Song, song.

Ouyang Xiu (Health Checker) said: "Last night, the market lights like the day; the moon shuotou, about dusk." Xin Qiji (Sapphire case) wrote: "The public to find it thousands of Baidu, twilight look back, then look back People are in the dim light. "Is to describe the situation of the Lantern Festival night, and the traditional opera Chen San and Wu Niang is in the Lantern Festival to meet at first sight, and Lechang official document and Xu Deyan broken mirror in the Lantern Festival," spring lantern mystery " Yuwen Yan and actress in the Lantern Festival order. So the Lantern Festival is also China's "Valentine's Day."

Stilts

Walking on stilts is a popular performing arts show in China. Stilt This is an ancient Chinese drama, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period has emerged. The earliest introduction of stilts in China is the "Lie Zi Shu Fu" articles: "Song Lanzi who, to know the technique of the Song and Song Yuan Zhao and see their skills to double branch length times its body, its shin, and convergence, get Seven swords and Diego jump, the five swords are often in the air, Yuan Jun was shocked, Legislative Council gold silk. "From the text we can see, as early as 500 BC, stilts have been popular.Performers not only to the long wooden tied to the foot walk, but also to jump and dance sword, stilts in stilts, rocker and stilt three kinds, the highest one more than ten feet. According to ancient records, the ancient stilts were made of wood, in the middle of a good planing wooden rod to make a point of support, so that feet, and then tied to the legs with a rope. Performers stilted foot, you can make a sword, splits, jumping stools, over the table, dancing Yangge and other activities. In the north of stilts Yangko, the characters play fisherman, matchmaker, stupid son, a small brother, Tao Gu, monks and so on. The performers are funny and can arouse great interest from the audience. The stilts in the south play mostly the roles in the drama. Guan Gong, Zhang Fei, Lv Dongbin, He Xiangu, Zhang Sheng, matchmaker, Jigong, gods, and clown Jieyou. They play singing, lively, amusing laughter, such as leveling. It is said that in the form of stilts, it was originally a kind of rocking technique developed by the ancient people in order to collect wild berries from the tree and tie two long sticks to one's own legs.

Lion dance

Lion dance, every Lantern Festival or rally, folk lion dance to come to promote. This custom originated in the period of the Three Kingdoms and became popular during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. It has a history of over one thousand years. According to legend, it was first introduced from the Western Regions, and the lion was brought back to China by peasants accompanied by Zhang Qian, the emperor of the Han Dynasty. The art of lion dance is derived from Xiliang "masquerading", some people think that lion dance was born in the fifth century, the army, and later introduced into the folk. Both statements have their own basis, it is difficult to judge today's right and wrong. However, when the Tang Dynasty lion dance has become popular in the court, military, civil activities. Tang section of the festival, "Fu Fu Miscellaneous Search," said: "The play has five lions, Gao Zhang Yu, each coat colored, each lion, twelve, wearing red quota, clothing, Lion Lang, dance Taiping music. "Poet Bai Juyi" Western Hermitabut "poem in this vivid description:" West Korea Kabuki, West Kani, masqueraded as a fake lion. Carved wood for the first wire tail, gold plating Eyes silver posts teeth.Fen Xuan sweaters put both ears, as from the quicksand to thousands of miles. "The poem describes the lion dance scene at the time.

In more than a thousand years of development, lion dance formed two performance styles of North and South. North faction lion dance to perform "Wu lion" mainly, namely the Wei Wei Imperial Kit Bei Wei "Swiss Lion." Lion dance, lion dance by two people, one person standing lion dance, one person bent waist lion body and lion tail. Lion dancers wearing the lioness body, wearing the same color and under the lion's coat green lion pants and gold claw boots, people can not identify Lion's body shape, its appearance and true lion are very similar. Lion who lead the ancient warrior dress up, holding a rotating hydrangea, accompanied by Beijing gongs, drum cymbals, funny cited lions. Under the guidance of "Lions Lang", the lion performs the techniques of leaping, plunging, jumping, ascending, and worshiving. He also takes plum piles, channeling tables and stepping on the ball. Southern lion dance to perform "Wen-lion" -based, pay attention to performance when the show, itching, shaking hair, licking hair and other movements, vivid, cute, but also difficult to vomit the ball and other skills. South lion in Guangdong as the center, and popular in Hong Kong and Macao, Southeast Asian countries. Although the South Lion is also a double dance, but the Lion Dance under the pants, just above the lion dressed in a color and dance. And the difference is that the North Lion, "Lions Lang," wearing a large head of Buddha mask, wearing a robe, waist beam ribbon, hand-held Kwai fan and guide the lion, in order to dance a variety of beautiful moves, action funny. South lion many schools, Qingyuan, Yingde's "chicken lion", Guangzhou, Foshan, "big lion", high crane, Zhongshan's "duck bream lion", Dongguan "unicorn lion" and so on. South lion in addition to different shapes, there are different personality. White-collar lion dance is not wide range, small variety of colors, but calm healthy, majestic and powerful, civil called "Liu Bei lion." Black mustard red lion, known as "off the lion", brave and majestic dance, extraordinary atmosphere. Gray bearded lion, rough and aggressive action, commonly known as "Zhang Fei lion." Lion for the beasts of the statue, the image of superb Jun Wu, giving a majestic, brave sense. The ancients regarded it as a symbol of bravery and strength, believing that it would demon evil and bless people and animals safe. Therefore, people gradually formed the custom of dancing lions in the Lantern Festival and other major activities in order to pray for good luck and good luck in everything.

Get sick

Lantern Festival in addition to celebration activities, there are faithful activities. That is, "get rid of all diseases", also known as "roasted common disease" "all common diseases" participants are mostly women, they go hand in hand or walk the wall, or cross the bridge to go outskirts, the purpose is to drive disease and eliminate disasters.

Welcome purple

Zigui is a kind, poor girl in folklore. On the fifteenth day of the first month, Zi Gu died because of poverty. People sympathize with her, miss her, some places appeared in the "first month of fifteenth welcome purple customs." Every night on this day, people use straw, cloth head and other adult ZigZag portrait. The women all came to Zivu often to do the living toilet, and the sty and her next to the kitchen greet her. Like her sister, she took her hand and told her that she was shedding tears to comfort her. The scene was vivid and real Reflects the thoughts and feelings of the hard-working people in goodness, loyalty and compassion.

Festival gate offering households

Ancient "seven sacrifices", which is one of two. Sacrificial method is very simple, poplar branches in the top of the portal, in the bowl filled with bean porridge in a pair of chopsticks, or wine directly in front of the meat.

Rat

This activity is mainly directed at sericulture people. Because rats often eat large areas of silkworms at night, people hear that the first lunar month is fed with rice with gruel and they can not eat silkworms. So, these people in the first lunar January boil a large pot of sticky porridge, and some still covered with a layer of meat on it, the porridge bowl well, put the mouse haunted roof, corner, put his mouth side also While reading a word, cursing mice and then eat silkworms will not die.

Legend anecdotes

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Light will be legendary

Legend has it that a long time ago, there were so many fierce beasts that people and animals were harmed and injured. People organized and attacked them. One of the god birds fell asleep but landed unexpectedly and was shot dead by unknowing hunters. God knows very angry, and immediately Chuan, ordered the soldiers on the 15th day of the earth to arson, the world's human and animal possessions all-encompassing. God's daughter kind-hearted, do not have the heart to see people innocent suffering, risking their lives, stealth driving clouds came to earth, the news to the people. Everyone heard the news, as if the head rang a Jiao Lei. After a long absence, an elderly person came up with a solution. He said: "In the first three days of the first month, on the 15th and the 16th, every family members are greeted with lights at their homes. Firecrackers, fireworks, so that God will think that people are burned to death.

Everybody nodded as he heard it, ready to go separately. On the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, the Emperor looked down and found that there was a red light and a thunderous sound in the world. This was the case for three consecutive nights, thought to be a flame burning in the fire and a great heart. People have thus saved their lives and property. To commemorate this success, every fifteenth day of the lunar January every household has lanterns and fireworks to commemorate this day.

There are legends in the world a long time ago, bumper grain harvest. Sudden disaster came, flooding the city, outside the field of drought. The original Queen Mother invited Jade Emperor to feast, Jade Emperor drinking drunk. After the banquet Jade Emperor Gonggong service, the rain book wrongly written, the original rain is one-third of the city, the city outside the rain five points, Jade Emperor write anti, causing disaster. Dragon learned that they secretly go to Heavenly Temple to change the rain book, the world slowly recovered, Judie Jue wake up knowing that he wrote the rain book wrong, want to correct, terrible minister said he did things inadvertently, had to make the mistake. Jade Emperor later discovered that the rain book was changed, the heart could not help but furious, killing the dragon, dragon was killed, into a bird of God, innocent innocence. Jade Emperor heart ashamed, to commemorate the name of the removal of the dragon, the Lantern Festival to celebrate the Lantern Festival every year.

Memorial Ping Lu

Another legend is the Lantern Festival is a Chinese emperor to commemorate the "flat Lu" and set up. After Han emperor Liu Bang died, Lu Ying's son Liu Ying ascended the throne. Hui Di nature of cowardice, indecision, power gradually fall Lu in the hands. After the death of Han Hui Emperor Lv, he dominated the government and turned Liu into the world of Lu. The DPRK and the Lao Zong Chen and his clan were deeply indignant. However, both were afraid of brutality and resentment afterward.

After Lu died of illness, Zhu Lu anxiety was afraid to be hurt and crowded. So, in the general Lu Lu's home in a secret gathering, complicity in doing things in order to completely seize the Liu country.

The matter passed to Liu's chamber of charge Qi Liu Liu ears, Liu capsule for the protection of Liu's country, decided to raise troops for destruction Lu and then founding veteran Zhou Bo, Chen Ping get in touch, the design lifted Lu Lu, "Zhu Lu's chaos" Finally been completely settled.

After the chaos, all the leaders of Liu Bang, the second son of Liu Bang, set foot on the throne and called the Emperor of Chinese. The Emperor Wen deeply felt that peace and prosperity have not come by so easily, and set the fifteenth day of the lunar January to quell the "chaos of Zhu Lu" as a day of happiness with the people. Since then, the first lunar month has become a celebrated folk festival - "Lantern Festival."

Oriental moon

This legend is related to the practice of eating the Lantern Festival: Legend has it that Han Wudi has a pet name called Dongfang Shuo, and he is kind and funny. One day in winter, a few days of heavy snow, the East Shuo to Imperial Garden go to the Wudi fold plum. Just entered the park gate, you find that there is a palace woman burst into tears ready to cast. Oriental Shuo rush hurried rescue and asked why she committed suicide. It turned out that this maid named Lantern Festival, there are parents and a sister home. Since she entered the palace, she never met her family again.Every year to the spring of the season to do more than usual, miss the family more than usual. Feel not in front of parents filial piety, it is better to die.Dongfang Shuo heard her experiences, deeply sympathetic, promised her, must try to reunite her and his family.

One day, the East Shuo moon palace placed a divination booth on Chang'an Avenue. Many people are fighting for his divination seek Gua.Unexpectedly, what each person asks for is the sign of the "lunar January 16th incineration". Suddenly, Chang also played a great panic. People have asked for ways to solve the disaster. Dongfang Shuo said: "On the evening of the 13th of the first lunar month, the Vulcan army will send a sophisticate goddess to visit. She is the messenger of Bianchang burning Chang'an. I will give you the copy of the transcript, and allow the present Son to find a solution." End, then dropped a red post, go away. Citizens picked up the red placard, quickly sent to the Imperial Palace to report to the emperor.

Han took over a look, I saw above read: "Chang'an robbery, burning the Emperor Que, fifteen days of fire, flame red supper", he was shocked, quickly invited a resourceful Oriental New Moon. Dongfang Shuo deliberately thought for a moment, said: "I heard Vulcan monarch favorite dumpling, the palace of the Lantern Festival is not often give you a dumpling it? Lantern Festival can be done on the evening of the fifteen glutinous rice balls. Everyone is making glutinous rice balls, and worshiped Vulcan monarchs together. Then the subjects of the encyclical are hung with lights on the 15th night, firecrackers are everywhere in the city, and fireworks are all over the city, so that they can escape from the jade emperor. People, into the city on the 15th night lights, miscellaneous disaster relief in the crowd. " After Emperor Wudi listened, I was very glad to pass on the instructions of Dongfang Shuo.

On the 15th of the first month, Chang'an City, decorated with flowers, bustling visitors, very lively. Palace girl Lantern's parents also took the sister into the city lights. When they saw the "Gong Lantern" written on the lantern, the surprise shouted: "Lantern! Lantern!", Lantern heard shouts and finally reunited with his family members.

So bustling night, Chang'an City really safe. Han Wudi overjoyed, they ordered every later fifteen lunar January to do a glutinous rice dumpling for God, the first lunar January 15 the whole city hanging fireworks. Because the best glutinous rice ball made in the Lantern Festival, people put the glutinous rice balls called the Lantern Festival, which is called the Lantern Festival.

Festival food custom

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Lantern Festival food should be in the Northern and Southern Dynasties pour gravy gruel or bean porridge. But this food is mainly used for worship, but also not to mention holiday food. To the Tang Dynasty Zheng Wang's "Diet Records" only recorded: "Su Zhong diet, the hammer on the yuan." Oil hammer system, according to " Tai Ping Guang Ji " cited "Lushi Miscellaneous" in a " The record, similar to the descendants of the fried Lantern. Some people call it the United States "oil painting pearl."

Tang Lantern Festival diet is silkworm. Wang Renyu (880-956), " Kaiyuan Tianbao Memorabilia " records: "Every year, the customs of man-made silkworms remain to the Song dynasty, but different types of food should be more abundant than the Tang Dynasty .Lu Yuanming's "Age Miscellaneous Notes" mentioned: "Beijing to mung bean powder for Dou Dou soup, cooking waxy pill, sugar is 臛, that the sub-salt salt soup. Miso miso soup, that salt soup , Another example is the people made silkworms, are on the yuan diet also. When it came to the Southern Song Dynasty, there was the appearance of the so-called "lactose round," which should have been the predecessor of the glutinous rice balls.

At least until the Ming Dynasty, people used the term "Lantern Festival" to refer to this glutinous rice dumpling. Liu Ruoyu (born in 1541), "Discernment" records the practice of the Lantern Festival: "The system of law, with fine glutinous rice, walnuts, sugar, rose filling, sprinkling into the water, such as walnut, Jiangnan said dumplings also. "

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, the "Babao Lantern Festival" specially made by the Imperial Kitchen was a delicacy famous to the ruling and opposition parties. Masi Yuan was then the city of Beijing Lantern master. He made the drop powder Lantern near famous.Fu Zeng (Born in one thousand eight hundred eighty-eight) of the "Zhuanyuan" said: "sweet-scented osmanthus fragrant walnuts, Jiang Mizui such as water wells Amoy. Chant in the poem, is the famous Ma family Lantern.

Nearly a thousand years, the production of Lantern Festival see exquisite. As far as the dough is concerned, there are Jiang Mianmian, viscoussorghum surface, yellow rice noodles and bracts noodles. The stuffing is sweet and salty meat and vegetables, everything. Sweet sweet-scented osmanthus sugar, hawthorn sugar, assorted, red bean paste, sesame, peanut and so on. Salty lard stuffing can be fried fried Lantern. Vegetarian mustard, garlic, leek, ginger composed of five Xin Lantern, there are hard-working, long-term, progressive meaning.

Production methods also vary from north to south. Lantern Festival in the north with more than rolling the hand method, the southern dumplings are more hand palms kneading group. Lantern can be similar to walnuts, but also small like soybeans, cooking methods with soup, fried food, cooking oil, steamed food and so on. Whether the fillings, are the same delicious. Lantern Festival has become a four-hour snacks prepared snacks at any time to a bowl to satisfy.